SD InfoTech Automotive Academy

  Bore stroke Ratio In the automotive/automobile engines are a large variety of classifications of the engine one of the basic of engine cylinder layouts or bore stroke ratio. The Bore and stroke ratio directly affects the vehicle engines overall performance, engine characteristics, application, engine life, and cost aspects in the two-wheeler and four-wheeler vehicles. Bore and stroke are major key roles played in the engine characteristics and engine structure. It is a simple word to say that to understand engine cylinder bore and stroke Ratio equal to bore/stroke.  Ratio = Bore/Stroke . Automobile engines are categorised into three sections according to bore stroke ratio. These are:  • Square Engine  • Over-Square Engine (Shorter Stroke Engine) • Under-Square Engine (Longer Stroke Engine) Square Engine   Square Engine have to equal bore to stroke ratio hence the ratio is 1 one. That means when you look square engine with the same sizes as the engine cylinder ...

  Automobile Charging And Starting System When the vehicles are running in the proper manners Starting, Charging and lighting system plays a major role in for smooth operation of any vehicles. These three systems are consists of vehicles electrical or electronic system. The main resource of Starting, Charging and Lighting system are vehicles batteries. The automobile battery supplies an electric current to operate the starting system provides for cranking/ starting the engine. The charging system helps to charge batteries and control the other electrical and electronic devices. The lighting system operates various lights in motor vehicles.  PURPOSE OF STARTING SYSTEM  It is the system using which an engine is cranked for starting purposes. The starter motor or self-starter is a main component of the starring system. The self-starter is an electrical motor that can rotate the crankshaft to start the engine. It converts electrical energy from the battery into mechanical ene...

Automobile Wheels And Tyres In earlier older days when motor vehicles Automobiles were introduced wooden wheels were used. To stop faster were on wear on wheel rims of these wooden wheels, steel rings were placed on these. As time passed and the speed of the vehicle increased, more road shocks were felt by the passengers. To avoid this, wooden wheel rings were replaced by rubber cushioned lining. It has steel rings fitted with wooden wheels that were equipped with rubber lining it has been used in tanga wheels. This system worked for some time but when the vehicles speed increased it could not sustain jerks and the ride quality of high speed became uncomfortable then hence it was replaced by the pneumatic (Air) wheels. Pneumatic wheels were first introduced in 1920 and since they are being used as a standard fitting on all modern automobiles. Pneumatic wheels are generally known as tyres and some it also called wheels assembly. Automobiles wheels consist of the wheel hub, disc, rim, ty...

 Front & Rear Axles Shaft A n A utomobile axles shaft is a solid or tubular steel shaft that support the weight of the vehicle and transmitted torque from the differential to the drive wheel to the wheel that turns to move the vehicle. In Automobile typically, front and rear axles are used in the vehicle whether it is a light motor duty or heavy-duty vehicle. It all depends on the drivetrain of the vehicle which drives on Front-wheel drive or Rear wheel drive vehicle.  There are two types of axles shaft (i) Dead axle (ii) Live axle. Dead Axle  A dead axle is a solid axle mounted to the suspension spring with a spindle at each upon which the wheel turn. This axle does not rotate, only the wheel on the axle rotate. The axle that is used in the bullock cart is a dead axle. I-Section axle beam is the dead axle, used front axle in trucks and buses.  Live Axle  In the live axle, the axle is on which turn within a tubular housing, the axle itself rotate due to thi...

 Automobile Suspension System  The automobile/automotive suspension system is a major role play for a comfortable ride and it absorbs the full shock of the road to make passengers tireless travelling provided to us, from our vehicles. It may be any type of category of your vehicle even in two-wheelers (scooters and bike or motorcycles) and four-wheelers in light-duty vehicle cars and heavy-duty vehicles like trucks and buses. The suspension system allows the vehicle to travel over rough surfaces with a minimum of up and down body movement. Road shocks are the action resulting from the tyre moving up and down as they meet bumps or potholes in the road.  The Suspension system is located between the wheel axles and the vehicle chassis frame or body frame of the vehicles.  The main purpose of the suspension system: • Its purpose is to absorb shock and jerks and to ensure a smooth ride. • Cushion bump and hole in the road, and maintain traction between the tyres and the r...

   HISTORY OF AUTOMOBILE  / AUTOMOTIVE  We know all, the first Automobiles were horse-drawn buggies and carriages powered by the fuel-burning engine, Internal combustion (IC) Engines instead of horses. They were called motor vehicles and horseless carriages.  What do you mean by Automobile/Automotive? Auto- means self, mobile/motive means movable, thus self-movable (which can move) vehicles are called Automobiles/Automotive.  Purpose of Automobile/Automotive The automobile/automotive is a self-propelled vehicle that is used for the transportation of passengers and goods/cargo on the road. A Self-propelled vehicle is that in which power required for propulsion is produced from within like Aeroplane, ship motor ship, locomotive, car, bus, truck, tractor, scooter, motorcycle are the examples of a self-propelled vehicle. The motor vehicle is another name for a self-propelled vehicle running on the road or ground. A vehicle is a machine that is used for the tran...

  Vehicle Chassis Frame and Body The function of the chassis frame is to take the full load of the vehicle. It is a skeleton of the motor vehicle especially in heavy-duty and some light-duty cars, it must be strong enough and light in design.  The chassis frame of an automobile of following components suitable mounted and bolted: • Engine and radiator  • Transmission system, consisting of the clutch gearbox, propeller shaft, driveline and front and rear axles. • Suspension system and its related parts. • Steering system, braking system and under chassis components and parts.  • Vehicle Body, fuel Tank and battery mounting unit. In the construction of an automobile chassis frame C - section Channel chassis frame, Box type section channel, Hat section chassis frame and I - section channel chassis frame used on the heavy trucks buses and mid-light duty vehicle. Normally the various components are bolted directly to the frame  Frame   The frame is that part of ...