Vehicle Chassis Frame and Body

 Vehicle Chassis Frame and Body

The function of the chassis frame is to take the full load of the vehicle. It is a skeleton of the motor vehicle especially in heavy-duty and some light-duty cars, it must be strong enough and light in design. 

The chassis frame of an automobile of following components suitable mounted and bolted:

• Engine and radiator 

• Transmission system, consisting of the clutch gearbox, propeller shaft, driveline and front and rear axles.

• Suspension system and its related parts.

• Steering system, braking system and under chassis components and parts. 

• Vehicle Body, fuel Tank and battery mounting unit.

In the construction of an automobile chassis frame C - section Channel chassis frame, Box type section channel, Hat section chassis frame and I - section channel chassis frame used on the heavy trucks buses and mid-light duty vehicle. Normally the various components are bolted directly to the frame 

Frame 

The frame is that part of a car that supports the body, engine, powertrain and driveline.it is attaching and supporting various components of the vehicle. X -frame which connects to the channel joined by a cross member at the middle, two or three cross members in the chassis frame.

Purpose of the Frame 

• To carry the weight of the vehicle 

• To withstand bending and twisting 

• To withstand the centrifugal force.

•To bear the torque development by the engine.

The chassis frames are classified according to the vehicles body style and size /shape of the automobile:

There are two types of chassis frames.

• Ladder type of chassis frame (Body-and- Frame)

• Integral chassis frame and body construction with floor assembly.

Ladder-type chassis frame 

These types of chassis frames have multiple members with a cross member and long channel. An I-section is used for its construction. This chassis frame can withstand a greater load without bending. These channels and members jointly take the load of the vehicle. This type of chassis frame used trucks, buses, some light-medium vehicles and multi-utility vehicles.

Vehicle Chassis Frame

• SWARAJ  MAZDA SML - Box channel section with tubular cross members.

• TATA TRUCKS - Box type channel section with multiple cross members.

• ASHOK LEYLAND - Ladder-type jogged bolted to frame with 5to7 cross members.

EICHER MOTOR - Ladder-type with tapered C- Channel section cross members.

MAHINDRA TRUCk - Ladder-type cross-section channel with a cross member.

MAHINDRA PICKUP - Ladder-type cross-section channels.

The integral chassis frame and body construction with floor assembly:

The light motor duty vehicle like Sport Utility vehicles (SUV), Multi Utility Vehicle (MUV), and all the modern car segment vehicles use the Integral chassis frame and body construction with floor assembly. This is modern integral construction with floor assembly, it is part of the frame from one complete unit with body panels. This type of frame is also called a chassisless frame. Nowadays, all modern cars use chassis less come with body panel and floor assembly. Its body and frame complete a single unit.

Body of Car 

The body of a car is the superstructure of the vehicle it contains the door, window, tailgate (dicky), moreover, it acts as a cover to the chassis frame.

The vehicle encloses the passenger compartment. this protects the passenger while providing for their comfort and safety. A body that provides an enclosure or compartment for the engine, passenger and luggage or cargo. This is part of the vehicle where passengers ride and are protected from atmospheric effects. 

Automobile body frame construction depends on the size and shape of the car segment, the modern cars body structure has a platform on an integral whole body frame with different body panels, these are must wildlusedse in cars. Some ladder-type frame cars have separate bodies and frames from a pickup truck with this type of construction. These types of frames are also called body-and-frame. e.g pickup trucks and some Multi Utility Vehicles (MUV), Sport Utility Vehicle (SUV) and in a few buses and trucks, bodies and frames separate bolted on the together.

Some cars frames are utilised body does not have a separate frame the body panels are welded. This type of body frame is also called a monocoque body it has chassisless and aerodynamic body shape vehicles that come on various luxury cars, sports cars and SUVs.

Requirements of a body 

A body should --

• be light in weight and strong.

• be able to stand the fatigue.

• have even distribution of load be vibration-free.

• have maximum luggage carrying capacity be streamlined to have minimum resistance be cheap and easy to repair.