HYBRID VEHICLES VS ELECTRIC VEHICLES

 HYBRID VEHICLES VS ELECTRIC VEHICLES 

When we discuss mobility often used on internal combustion engines (ICE) for a long time but, in modern vehicles, one form of the term that is trending nowadays is called electric and hybrid vehicles. This segment from the last decade lots improved on different automakers. The American car company Tesla Motor is one of the emerging Electric Vehicles in the world and another automaker also establishes and switches on the electric power energy on EV sector. 

Generally, two basic types of electric motor vehicles are used in the modern car segment market in India.

One is a Hybrid car and another is a fully electric-powered car Electric vehicle (EV).

A hybrid car segment

A hybrid car segment using more than powered energy either petrol or diesel and battery or electric-powered engines and sometimes both work together to powered engines. 

Mostly hybrid vehicles that are powered by an internal combustion engine (ICE) or said that conventional engine either petrol engine and battery electric motor energy used. Some hybrid used to combine with both power sources, It depending on driving and road condition. The conventional engine is run by petrol or diesel-powered switch on mode given on the instrumental panel whether it runs battery or fuel. In a hybrid car, a battery is used lithium-ion some cars using acid lead batteries on that battery recharge by itself when the regenerative braking is applied, some cars have automatically battery charger facilities through the traditional way those car batteries do not need to use external charging a point. 

It all depends on what kind of hybrid technology adoption by the different hybrid car makers and their hybrid function and operation.

In the Indian auto market, several hybrid cars offering to customers by one of the leading car manufacturers Maruti Suzuki, a recent few years ago introduced Smart Hybrid Technology. This technology comes with a dual battery including lithium-ion and lead battery setup. The smart alternator using it is called an integrated starter generator (ISG) in place of the conventional alternator. It also works brake regeneration energy during decentration. It helps to restart the engine and after the engine auto-stop and torque assist function. The energy stored in the lithium-ion battery assist during acceleration which helps the engine in providing optimal acceleration and performance. Better fuel economy, much more eco-friendly and reduction of emissions. Said Maruti officials. 

Same way Mahindra car manufacturers have adopted this technology but that said their different name called micro-hybrid car uses some models. Nowadays another automaker offering such kinds of different forms of hybrid introduced in the auto market. Like Hyundai, Tata, etc.

In the context of the overall review, the hybrid car has several pros and cons.

• Hybrid cars emit less CO2 than conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) cars.

• Less dependence on petrol/diesel fuels.

• Environmental friendly.

• Improved fuel economy.

• Regenerative braking system.

• Higher resale values 

The only fewer cons of hybrid vehicles : 

• Higher cost comparative expensive.

• required higher batteries voltages. 

• Needs for more maintenance.

Fully electric-powered vehicles (EV)

Fully electric-powered vehicles or Electric Vehicles (EV) have batteries with electric motors (generators) instead of an internal combustion engine ICE., ( petrol and diesel engines). The motor is powered by large batteries cells with a lithium-ion battery pack placed under or above the chassis frame body of the vehicle. Electric vehicles have 85% fewer moving parts and components.No use fossil fuels, have zero emissions and are environmentally friendly.

Battery electric car fully runs on a battery and electric drive train, electricity is stored in the large battery pack. Power is converted from the DC battery to AC for the electric motor input of acceleration send a signal to control unit which controlling vehicle speed and through the electric drivetrain, it produces torque using power the vehicle uses motor/generator drive vehicle wheels. The vehicle's drivetrain through transmission transfers to mechanical forms of drive the wheels with regenerative function.

Recharge process of electric vehicles(EV):

The charge port allows vehicles to connect an external power supply to charge the battery pack. With the lithium-ion battery charging on the wall outlet at home, supercharge station and portable charge facilities you can recharge the electric battery with fast charging and manual recharging outside the station. The average  charging time for the battery is 5 to 8 hours, in fast charging  30 to 60 minutes at home socket-outlet least time taken 8 to10hours but  It depends on EV manufacture,

What is the main advantage of Electric cars? 

The electric car has the advantage of being a " zero-emission" vehicle that does not pollute or damages the environment other advantages include an engine that is durable and has fewer mechanical parts and is almost trouble-free and the cost of running also reduces.

The government of India financial benefits from some tax relaxation and incentives are available for fully electric vehicles. 

In the Indian auto industry hybrid and fully electric vehicles EV available on the markets car manufacturers like Tata nexonEV, TiagorEV, Mahindra eVerito, e2o plus,  Hyundai Kona Electric, MG ZS Electric, Maruti Suzuki smart hybrid ciaz, etc.