Two-wheeler Engine Lubrication & Cooling systems

 Two-wheeler Engine Lubrication & Cooling systems

First and foremost, automobile engine oil most important role to play and is one of the major engine supporting systems to keep continue running for IC engines including two-wheeler motorcycles, scooters and four-wheeler cars bus trucks even any type of internal combustion engine.  Engine Oil is the blood of the automobile engines as same as our circulatory system. The engine oil system is called the engine Lubrication system.   

Here we discuss the engine lubrication system of the motorcycle and scooter / Scooty engines. In a two-wheeler, engines have slightly different methods of engine oil systems or lubrication systems. In older days two-stroke engines had a mist lubrication system used, this system does not consist of any separate parts like an oil pump. The lubricating oil is mixed into the petrol itself while filling in the petrol tank of the vehicle in a specific ratio. 

The modern two-wheelers, motorcycles and scooters used a splash lubrication system. This lubrication system most common and simple as well as the cheapest method of the lubrication system. The splash lubrication system consists has an oil pump, filter, and oil strainer oil sump. The bottom of the engine crankcase or sump is located that stores E-oil. The oil is drawn from an oil sump by a pump passed through a filter and strainer fed into the engine's other moving parts. At the same time Crankshaft, web and connecting rod rotate to splash oil circulating the engine parts. The oil fall to the sump and this process is repeated until the engine is stopped.

Most single cylinder economic and average motorcycle and scooter engines are lubricated by oil splash with the crankshaft web and connecting rod cap every revolution oil splash from the crankcase or sump the engine cylinder and moving parts provides oil passage drill ports which lubricate top to bottom of the engine cylinder head to the cylinder block. These oil lubrication systems are called splash lubrication systems.

 Nowadays most advanced lubrication method used is the wet-sump forced publication system adopted by all modern motorcycle engines even in gearless scooters. The wet-sump forced lubrication oil to circulate by force to the engine cylinders and other components. The oil pump is driven by the crankshaft, and oil filter and strained through oil galleries or passages lubricating the engine and moving parts. Oil supply to cylinders through splash as well as same time forced lubrication process, this system is called wet-sump forced lubrication system and also forced lubrication system. 

Internal combination IC engine, engine cooling system is one most supportive system for smooth and proper operation of the car bus truck motorcycle and scooter engines. The two-wheeler motorcycle and scooter engine cooling system used three methods to transfer heat from an air-cooled, oil-cooled and Liquid (water) cooled engine. Air-cooled engines are widely used on motorcycles and scooters / scooty and a Liquid  (water) cooled engine is used for all four-wheeler cars bus trucks etc. 

In the case of modern motorcycles and scooter engines, the three basis cooling engine available in the markets. These are:

 • Air-cooled Engine

• Oil-cooled Engine and 

• Liquid (water) Cooled Engine.

Air-Cooled Engine 

Air-cooled engines are most commonly used we have noticed all average and fuel economy bikes and scooters. They use air as the cooling agent for engine cooling purposes. The engine has fins around the cylinder head and block portion that facilitates cooling by the air itself from the atmosphere while running the engine. It has no additional parts required. Its direct exposure to air makes the engine work temperature. 

The modern scooter and gear-less Scooty engine full covered the body of the vehicle. The additional cooling fan is used driven by an engine-powered that intakes air from the atmosphere for the cooling purpose, this cooling mechanism is known as forced air cooling and is also called a fan-cooled engine

Pros of Air-cooled Engine 

• it is simple, natural air used for cooling purposes.

• Cylinder fins itself in contact with atmospheric air not required other parts.

• less and lower Maintenance costs.

• Easy to manufacture at cheaper prices.

Cons of Air-cooled Engine

• it does not achieve high performance and high speed.

• it is used for lower ranges and average mileage bikes and scooters.

Oil-Cooled Engine

The oil-cooled engine is an updated version of an air-cooled engine both are the same engine cylinder fins, an additional oil cooler and a cooling oil radiator is used in a modern motorcycle. That has the same time air exposure to the fins and oil circulating between radiator to the engine moving parts with oil passage and oil galleries to the engine cylinders. Hot engine oil circulates from the engine and radiator that oil cools down naturally by exposing radiator fins. In this system, engine oil work for lubrication purpose and as well as a cooling agent.

Pros of oil-cooled Engine 

• Stable engine temperature improves the durability of the engine.

• Quite better power and performance as compared to the air-cooled engine.

• Lighter and faster engine.

• Low maintenance of the liquid engine.

• It is a simple item of mid-range bikes with an oil-cooled engine.

Cons of oil-cooled Engine

• Frequently check the oil levels.

• Not much reliable as the compared liquid-cooled engine. 

Liquid-cooled Engine 

The liquid-cooled engine is a water-based cooling system like other four-wheeler vehicles. Liquid-cooled engines are used for high-end variant motorcycles and high capacity performance bikes as well as uses for high-speed superbikes. These engines consisting a water pump, thermostats valve radiator and cooling hose pipes. The liquid cooling system uses a coolant that antifreeze and anti-rust solution coolant to keep the engine working temperature while riding a motorcycle.

• much efficient power engine compared to air and oil-cooled engine.

• higher power performance engine.

• high-speed engine but more costly compared to air and oil-cooled engines.